What is it
A-Level functions cover domain and range, composite and inverse functions, and transformations of graphs (translations, stretches, reflections) applied to a wide range of function types.
Why it matters
Understanding how a function transforms — and being able to sketch the result without plotting points — is a skill used constantly throughout Pure Maths, from trigonometric graphs to exponential and logarithmic functions.
Exam tip
Learn the effect of each transformation on both the equation and the graph together (e.g. f(x) + a shifts up, f(x + a) shifts left) — mixing up the direction of horizontal shifts is the single most common transformation error.
Related topics
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